MOTS-C

MOTS-c is a mitochondrially encoded peptide consisting of 16 amino acids, first described in 2015 by Professor Changhan David Lee. It is the first known mitochondrial peptide identified as a signaling molecule that reaches the cell nucleus and regulates gene expression there.

Mechanism of Action

The peptide activates the AMPK signaling pathway (AMP-activated protein kinase), the cell’s central energy sensor. This regulates glucose and fat metabolism, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and improves insulin sensitivity. Under cellular stress, it translocates to the nucleus and activates antioxidant genes via Nrf2- and ARE-dependent mechanisms.

Research Applications

• Metabolic research and diabetology
• Aging research (endogenous levels decline with age)
• Skeletal muscle homeostasis and bone metabolism
• Investigation of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and mitochondrial dysfunction

Technical Specifications

For research purposes only. Not intended for human or veterinary use.

Reconstitution: Example Calculation

For a working concentration of 10 mg/ml, reconstitute the 10 mg vial with 1 ml, or the 40 mg vial with 4 ml, of sterile bacteriostatic water (BAC water). Inject the water slowly along the inside wall of the vial and swirl gently rather than shaking.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is MOTS-C available in two pack sizes?
The 10 mg size suits shorter test runs, while the 40 mg size suits long-term research series with reduced reconstitution overhead.

Is MOTS-C structurally different from other research peptides in the catalog?
Yes — MOTS-C is mitochondrially encoded rather than nuclear-encoded, making it a distinct subject within mitochondrial signalling research.

Quality Assurance

Every production batch goes through independent dual verification: HPLC analysis to determine purity, and LC-MS analysis to unambiguously confirm molecular mass and correct peptide sequence. Only after passing both checks is a batch released, shipped with a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA).